Installation of Cameras on Highways and Roads Research Paper

Installation of Cameras on Highways and Roads - Research Paper Example The rationale behind the enforcement of this project is to reduce the number of accidents casualties, particularly at accident black spots (Marcus Nieto, 1997). A speed camera or a traffic enforcement camera is a camera mounted on roads and highways, to monitor traffic movements on the motorway. These cameras are highly sophisticated to be able to read vehicle registration numbers in case of Highway Code violations. The cameras are able to detect the speed of a moving vehicle, and if found to be overspeeding, a call is then made to police patrol vehicles that are waiting nearby. Speed enforcement cameras are highly effective tools for discouraging speeding and consequently, reducing road accidents. Point-to-point speed cameras, for example, calculate the average speed of a moving vehicle over a stretch of the road or highway and discourage motorists from the habit of speeding up then slowing down near fixed safety cameras to avoid detection. Red light cameras are cameras that are connected to traffic signals and sensors buried at the stop line or the crosswalk. The cameras are highly effective in identifying traffic light violators by continuously monitoring the traffic signals. The red light cameras are especially useful in cities, where they enforce traffic regulations by automatically taking photos of vehicles whose drivers run the red lights. The red light cameras rely heavily on the sensors buried under the stop line, to enforce the traffic laws. The cameras are triggered when vehicles pass over the sensors at a specified time after the traffic lights turn red, and above a pre-set minimum speed. The photograph shows the vehicle of the red light violator at the intersection. The red light camera records the time elapsed since the commencement of the red light, the time, date and vehicle speed.

Identity among American Indians Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Identity among American Indians - Essay Example outdated practice as the quantum blood policy can be seen not only as a way for the federal government to reduce the number of Indians who are dependent on its support but also as a way of eventually forcing the dissolution of Indian tribal groupings in time and the eventual assimilation into the mainstream American way of life. In reality, the majority, if not all, the current Indians can be said to be of mixed blood to a certain degree. Miscegenation between European settlers and Indians began within the first century of European arrival in North America and has continued since then to modern times. Moreover, as the other racial groups came to America, they also inevitably mixed with the Indians. In the 2000 census more than 1.6 million American Indians reported descent from two or more races and at the beginning of the twenty first century, at least 40% of American Indians were of mixed blood. The lives of Indians is always complicated by the non Indian opinion of how the Indians should look and act because they are often envisioned as noble savages and are expected to look and act just the way their ancestors did during the time of the Pilgrims at Plymouth or as they are depicted in books and movies. What most people in America do not realize is that the Indians have developed and adapted to the modern world just as they themselves have and that their cultures today are not so different to be distinguishable. It is a fact that many of them live and work in the urban areas of America and that they are so well assimilated that it would be very hard to actually recognize them to be phenotypic Indians. A large number of Indians are marrying outside their own communities and in doing so, the number of mixed race Indians has also increased dramatically. This brings us... Some Indians identify very strongly with their native cultures and actively participate in them while others are all for the abandonment of their culture and see the adoption of mainstream American culture as the only way to secure their future. There are others who take a stand in the middle believing that the best course is to adopt the best from both Indian and American cultures and use them as a basis for their future. The majority of those who support the latter are mixed blood Indians who tend to identify with both cultures but are unable to comfortably fit within either culture. Most of the young unemployed Indians in the reservations would prefer to abandon their culture and go to the cities where they feel that there are better opportunities for them than in the reservations. There are however some Indians who have experienced mainstream American culture and have not found it to be fulfilling. This has led to their rediscovery of their native culture and their participation in it which has filled a void within them. In conclusion, it is my opinion that the current means of identifying and determining who can be considered an Indian and who cannot should be changed. It is my belief that all people with Indian blood, however minimal should be identified as an Indian because doing otherwise as it is being done today is very discriminatory. It should be remembered that no race in the world, whether red, black, white, or yellow, is genetically pure because over the ages, racial mixing has been inevitable.

Macbeth Descent into Madness in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- essays

Macbeth’s Descent Into Madness In Shakespeare’s play Macbeth, the character Macbeth descends into madness. Macbeth’s descent into madness first started with the witch’s prediction. If he had never met the witches none of this trouble would have occurred. Macbeth is seen as a â€Å"valiant cousin, worthy gentleman† (I, ii, 24). He is a brave warrior who is well respected in his community, until the witches prophesied to him that he would one day be king (I, iii, 50). Macbeth interprets that he must act to fulfill the prophecy. He sends a letter to lady Macbeth asking what to do. She suggests that he should kill Duncan. Macbeth follows the plan and kills Duncan (II, ii, 15). Directly following the murder Macbeth can no longer say amen (II, iii, 31-33). Macbeth also hears a voice in his head say, â€Å"sleep no more! Macbeth does murder sleep†(II, ii, 35, 36). For the rest of the play Macbeth suffers from insomnia. When Macbeth pretends to be surprised by Duncan’s death he says, â€Å" Had I but died an hour before this chance, I had lived a blessed time, for, from this instant, there’s nothing serious in mortality. (II, iii, 92-95) he is saying that if he had died before he murdered Duncan he would have li ved a great life, but now that he’s committed murder, life is just a game and nothing is important anymore. These are suicidal thoughts and show how his grip on reality has greatly slipped. Macbeth shows signs of serious mental deterioration when he sees a dagger appear before him, but doesn’t understand if it’s real or not (II, i, 35-40), later on in his speech he says his other senses made his eyes look foolish or they are the only trustworthy senses (II, I, 44-46) Macbeth shows more signs of descent when he says Duncan is luc... ...herself, Seyton delivers the news to Macbeth. Macbeth is very calm when he hears the news and doesn’t seem to mind. Macbeth says that she would have died sooner or later (V, v, 17-23) After Macbeth hears that Birnam wood is moving towards him, he wants to go out fighting. He attacks and kills Young Siward in a desperate attempt to save him from the fate the witches predicted (V, vii, 11-12). He also orders all his soldiers to attack the wood (macduff’s soldiers, V, vii, 46-53) and he fights Macduff but Macduff says he was born by a c-section and not by a woman (V, vii, 41-45) Macbeth fights to the death but is beheaded by Macduff as the witches said he would. (V, vii, 82-83) In conclusion, through my quotations and explanations I have shown Macbeth’s descent into madness. It was his guilt and ambition overall that sent him in a downward spiral into madness. Macbeth Descent into Madness in Shakespeare's Macbeth Essay -- essays Macbeth’s Descent Into Madness In Shakespeare’s play Macbeth, the character Macbeth descends into madness. Macbeth’s descent into madness first started with the witch’s prediction. If he had never met the witches none of this trouble would have occurred. Macbeth is seen as a â€Å"valiant cousin, worthy gentleman† (I, ii, 24). He is a brave warrior who is well respected in his community, until the witches prophesied to him that he would one day be king (I, iii, 50). Macbeth interprets that he must act to fulfill the prophecy. He sends a letter to lady Macbeth asking what to do. She suggests that he should kill Duncan. Macbeth follows the plan and kills Duncan (II, ii, 15). Directly following the murder Macbeth can no longer say amen (II, iii, 31-33). Macbeth also hears a voice in his head say, â€Å"sleep no more! Macbeth does murder sleep†(II, ii, 35, 36). For the rest of the play Macbeth suffers from insomnia. When Macbeth pretends to be surprised by Duncan’s death he says, â€Å" Had I but died an hour before this chance, I had lived a blessed time, for, from this instant, there’s nothing serious in mortality. (II, iii, 92-95) he is saying that if he had died before he murdered Duncan he would have li ved a great life, but now that he’s committed murder, life is just a game and nothing is important anymore. These are suicidal thoughts and show how his grip on reality has greatly slipped. Macbeth shows signs of serious mental deterioration when he sees a dagger appear before him, but doesn’t understand if it’s real or not (II, i, 35-40), later on in his speech he says his other senses made his eyes look foolish or they are the only trustworthy senses (II, I, 44-46) Macbeth shows more signs of descent when he says Duncan is luc... ...herself, Seyton delivers the news to Macbeth. Macbeth is very calm when he hears the news and doesn’t seem to mind. Macbeth says that she would have died sooner or later (V, v, 17-23) After Macbeth hears that Birnam wood is moving towards him, he wants to go out fighting. He attacks and kills Young Siward in a desperate attempt to save him from the fate the witches predicted (V, vii, 11-12). He also orders all his soldiers to attack the wood (macduff’s soldiers, V, vii, 46-53) and he fights Macduff but Macduff says he was born by a c-section and not by a woman (V, vii, 41-45) Macbeth fights to the death but is beheaded by Macduff as the witches said he would. (V, vii, 82-83) In conclusion, through my quotations and explanations I have shown Macbeth’s descent into madness. It was his guilt and ambition overall that sent him in a downward spiral into madness.

American Intervention in Soviet-Afghan War Essay

During the Cold War, the United States resolved to take a shot at the Soviet Union by siding with Afghanistan and taking great measures to stop Soviet influence and communist ideology. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in an attempt to expand its influence in the Middle East with the absence of American influence. At this point in the Cold War the United States and Soviet Union were more or less at the climax of their dilemma, so the U. S. therefore decided to get involved by fortifying Afghan’s primary rebellious group, the mujahidin. The United States jeopardized homeland security by providing significant support to mujahidin revolutionaries, and in doing so the U. S. helped them hinder Soviet rule over Afghanistan. There are plenty of reasons ratifying America’s lack of foresight and prudence, one being that the state of the Soviet Union was not great as it was. One should take into consideration that the Soviet Union was already in a drastic decline when the United States began to intercede in Soviet-Afghan affairs. Benjamin Frankel, an esteemed writer who wrote an article for History in Dispute, described how there was a prolonged controversy in the Soviet Union on the topic of how to proceed with communist policies (14). Secondly, America already expressed its hard-line policy toward the USSR in a more detrimental way. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan established the Strategic Defense Initiative to protect the U. S. from potential ballistic missile attacks by the Soviet Union. In total, as the ABC-Clio database prescribes in paragraph ten of â€Å"Cold War, 1945-1991†, the USSR spent approximately $80 billion on the Soviet-Afghan War. The fall of the USSR was hastened by its lofty spending on the unnecessary cause. Similar to the economic problems in the Soviet Union, the United States’ actions concerning Soviet-Afghan affairs inflicted great burdens upon the U. S. economy. The United States wasted a substantial amount of money in order to aid mujahidin rebels so they could counteract their Soviet oppressors, but received no compensation in return. As an unknown author from Mount Holyoke College estimates in â€Å"Origins of the Taliban†, the United States lost about $3 billion just on funding these covert ops. The mujahidin and Afghanistan as a whole provided little in return. The mujahidin, for one, only used America for what it provided and discarded the country once transactions were complete. Also, Afghanistan contained insufficient natural resources compared to its Middle-Eastern counterparts. In addition to this action’s negative impact on the U. S. economy, it was also unjustified by the United States’ failure in persuading Afghans to convert to its political viewpoints. The United States did not spread democracy or even impede the Soviet Union’s communist influence on Afghanistan. Instead of acting how it did, the United States should have allowed Afghanistan to develope itself and figure out its own problems to an extent. One sign of progression in the country occurred in the mid-2000s when Afghanistan held its first presidential election. For example, Canada has benefitted by having the foreign policy of isolationism. Shifting back to the mujahidin, Benjamin Frankel describes it, stating, â€Å"Once they helped to push the Soviets out of Afghanistan, they turned their attention to the hated ‘infidel’ West and its ‘satanic’ leader, the United States† (16). Benjamin Frankel went on to speak of how the Afghans were apathetic toward the message of democracy, while they already disdained the ideology of communism (16). These reasons explain why the two parties never became allies and split ways once the Soviets withdrew in 1989. Sometime in the midst of the United States attempting to spread democracy in Afghanistan, the Jimmy Carter regime passed an embargo on wheat and corn against Russia as another attempt to burden the Soviet Union. The Russian Grain Embargo, enacted in 1980, had a negative financial impact on American farmers. This act was drawn up to reciprocate the past ongoing tensions between the United States and Soviet Union which heightened when the United States began to help the mujahidin in 1979. On the subject of U. S. and USSR trade, representative George McGovern stated at a 1980 Senate hearing in paragraph ten on the Annals of American History database that agricultural produce took up 75% of their trade. With this lack of trade, the USSR and U.  S. each deeply suffered. As a result of the Russian Grain Embargo, prices on a bushel of wheat dropped 50? and prices for a bushel of corn dropped 30?. As McGovern later proclaims to the senate in his speech in paragraph nineteen, projected numbers â€Å"do not take into consideration the tremendous increase in cost of production for crop year 1980 for farmers, coupled by depressed markets. † This act, indirectly associated with rising tensions also causing the U. S. to fortify the mujahidin, made live very hard for farmers. The Russian Grain Embargo left a great mark on agrarian society in both the United States and the Soviet Union, but moreso in the U. S. This statement demonstrates the irony behind the embargo. The harm done to the USSR was substantial, though. One may say that the Russian Grain Embargo went with the hard-line policy Reagan put forth toward the USSR, but this argument is invalidated by the financial burdens on America and the Soviet Union. Subsequently in his speech, George McGovern states in paragraph twenty, â€Å"The U. S. omestic blow to the agricultural community can reasonably be concluded to be greater than the one we are delivering, at least in the long run and at least in economic terms. † Plus, Russia was coming off a record low year for crop production, further supporting this act’s injustification. Despite the fact that the Russian Embargo Act was mainly a burden to farm society, it also proved or will have proven to be a burden to other important parts of society. The Russian Grain Embargo also devastated both the United States and the Soviet Union in ways other than agriculturally including everyday citizens. In paragraph eighteen McGovern alludes to his great statistical knowledge, noting that American taxpayers compensated for the debt of the Russian Grain Embargo by paying a sum of $3. 8-5 million. The credibility of the United States as a reliable trade partner skyrocketed due to the embargo. The administration of former President Jimmy Carter probably did not foresee this outcome or even think about it. Another outcome of the act was expanded herd slaughter in Russia. Russians thus consumed bad or in some cases unsanitary meat because of the lack of U.  S. meat shipments. Instead of wasting our time creating unnecessary policies or embargoes or groundlessly creating a powerful Afghan resilient force, the Unites States should have seized other important opportunities. For example, during the period in which the United States sent weapons to the mujahidin, Afghanistan’s neighboring country Pakistan developed a nuclear-weapon program. This is ironic because limiting nuclear-weaponry in any place was apparently supposed to be a chief concern of America, yet we did nothing about it. Pakistan could have shared nuclear secrets with its ally neighbors, thus jeopardizing American security. Benjamin Frankel wrote about the possibility that Pakistan could eventually use their nuclear weapons. In that case, America would certainly regret not committing itself to the issue. Before acting, we have to first ponder all implications – the pros and cons. Either the various leaders of the United States from 1979 to 1989 did not do this or they misevaluated. When a country is already on an nevitable path to its downfall, spending a large amount of money to try to hasten it is unnecessary. Blocking trade to that country is inessential and dumb if all parties involved are negatively affected like in the case of the Russian Grain Embargo. In the end, the Unites States and Soviet Union were burdened by their shortsighted approaches; ergo, we should learn from their mistakes and attempt to fix any remaining consequences. Unfortunately, we may one day have to endure the reper cussions of not taking action if a Middle Eastern country sets off a nuclear bomb.

Best Preforming Drug Within The Groups - 1553 Words

In the following exploratory data analysis, of the relevant variables, it is our hope to identify the best preforming drug within the groups (groups A, group B, group C). The exploratory analysis provides a view of how each group performed over the course of 12 weeks. In figure 1, below is the descriptive table. The descriptive table provides a view of all variables associated with the HDL/LDL drug study. The output with the descriptive table contains the overall Norman clashers of the study, there is a section identified as group, statistics, and standard error. The section labeled group; it identifies the group of participants in the study. In addition, statistics are provided in the form of the mean scores for each group as well as the number of participants and error associated with each group (some data isn’t visible due to pivot table activation). Figure 1 In the LDL group, the overall mean total score of 97.98 (SD = 17.165). Control group (M = 101.10) Drug A (M = 86.20), drug B (121.40) drug C (M=83.20), and scores 82.25, 94.00, and 109.75 represented the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles, respectively. However, it is necessary to evaluate the associated graphs to aid in the development of understanding of the data (Field, 2013). Perhaps, one graph that is of importance is the box graph, it gives the researcher a better view of how the mean scores compare. Using the graphs and descriptive information in tables gives the researcher enough information to formulate aShow MoreRelatedRejection of Lethal Injection Essay examples867 Words   |  4 Pageslethal injection is the act or instance of injecting a drug for purposes of capital punishment or euthanasia. In other words, putting chemicals into a person to kill them. There are four other types of execution. 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Sepsis Related to Aspiration Pneumonia , With Current Condition of Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Delay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1621 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Patient description The patient was admitted to the hospital from home as result of suffering from Sepsis-related to aspiration pneumonia. According to Balady et al. (2007), pneumonia is one of the leading infections, which causes the death of most adult within the different population, and it affects majorly the lungs which are made up of alveoli when an individual is breathing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Sepsis Related to Aspiration Pneumonia , With Current Condition of Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Delay" essay for you Create order The patient was diagnosed and found to be suffering from pneumonia which caused mainly by bacteria which is transferred through the air while he was traveling together with infected persons in the environment where he lives. One of the symptoms of the infection as observed from the patient is inflation of the air sacs found in the patient lungs after which the alveoli are filled with fluids as well as pus thus interferes with the natural gases exchange taking place within the lungs. Other symptoms that the patient possesses include a cough, fever, chills, and breathing difficulties. Current medical condition of the patient The client has been examining to have cerebral palsy as he is also alert and nonverbal. Most of the symptoms shown by the patient currently are characteristics of a person who has been affected by the bacteria causing pneumonia. As the patient continues to go through treatment, his condition continues to get better day by day. There are various attempts made by the doctor for ensuring the patient get better as fast as possible. For example, restricting or putting on holds the fluid that the patient take is a step taken to ensure the Patient PIVV line is reinserted back to normal (Watson, 2007). The priority system assessment This indicates various findings and rationale for the findings regarding the conditions of the patient. The first assessment done to the patient is a respiratory assessment. This is associated with the ineffective airway clearance that is accompanied by excessive secretion along the respiratory track. For the patient suffering from pneumonia, a productive cough is experienced as one of the client symptoms. Interventions for pain management includes administration of medications such as Hydromorphone IV, teaching the patient how to manage pain such as deep breathing exercise and proper positioning if he can. Retained secretions can obstruct airways, leading to an impaired gas exchange that causes pain during inspiratory and expiratory. Rationale: The bacterial pneumonia found in most adults contains risks, which cause the adverse cardiac activities for example heart failure, and heart attacks this contributes significantly to mortality. The pain experienced by the patient is evidenced by the changes that occur in heart rate. Inventions required in the clinical treatment process. Various adjustments need to be made in the medical sector as clinicians make the effort of ensuring patients get required medical attention and drugs. Some of which are listed below. There is need to come up with ways of encouraging patients to get rest as well as avoiding over relaxation which can cause an increase in the number of symptoms they experience while they are they are under medication (Kuiper Pesut, 2004). Since the patient is examining to suffer from pneumonia, improving on the smoothness level of the patient airway patency is necessary. Secretion is one of the symptoms that the infection is characterized with and to fasten the recovery rate, there is need to ensure the secretion interfere retained in its initial conditions (Kuiper Pesut, 2004). This way breathing efficiency of the patients has increased hence the secretion clearance as well as volume expansion is promoted. Laboratory concerns based on the diagnosis values The patient is likely to have anemia based on the lab values obtained (iron deficiency). That is the patient has not been taking balance diet, which does not contain iron (Hgb- 95g/L-Low). Therefore, to ensure that the patient has a strong immune system the oxygen carrying capacity needs to improve for efficient breathing system (Winters, 2013). Medical history of the patient is a necessary clarification that all qualified physicians or doctors must inquire before recommending any further treatment for patients. Similar, carrying out physical exams are important which include auscultating the lungs to check for the abnormal bubbling as well as crackling sounds, which are symptoms of pneumonia. The physician or nurses started to ask about the medical history as well as doing a physical exam, including auscultating of the lungs for checking the abnormal bubbling experienced by the patient and the crackling sounds which are symptoms of pneumonia. Upon suspecting pneumonia, the doctor will recommend the tests listed below: Blood Tests: These are used for the purpose of confirming an infection as well as identifying specific organisms/pathogens, which causes the infection. They found client has low hemoglobin and high PT. Chest X-ray: A chest x-ray is the best tool for diagnosing pneumonia. It is used to determine the extent as well as location of the disease. The patient was examine through chest X-RAY to confirm whether he had lung abscess, fluids or air in his lungs. The X-RAY showed fluid in his right lower lobe. They inserted chest tube on his right chest to drain off fluids. Sputum Test: is a sample of fluid taken from the patient lungs after a deep cough by the patient and carry out its analysis to identify the pathogen causing the disease. Revealed my patient had bacterial pneumonia. CT scan: when the infection is not clearing faster as projected, the doctor will recommend an alternative testing which is a chest CT scan to be able to obtain an image of the lungs, which is more detailed. Pleural fluid culture:Â   is the liquid sample, which is taken through putting a needle in between the ribs of an individual starting from the pleural region as well as carrying out an analysis to assist in identifying the infection type. Incorporation of theory into the nursing practice Application of knowing via inquiry, which is termed to be empirical, personal as well as aesthetic, is used. The application of the science of knowing assist in identifying the patients normal and most sensitive signs making it easier to predict the possible result of diagnosis thus faster medical recommendations. Similarly, science knowing allows the clinicians to have a proper understanding of the side effects that the drugs they prescribed to the patients are likely to pose on their health (Winters, 2013). An effective introduction to patients needs the clinicians to have the ethical way of knowing. Ethical way of knowing provide the medical specialist with the opportunity to acquire knowledge in their field of study and master all procedures which are involved in treating patients in the clinics. Demonstration of safe patient care and the unsafe situations observed in the medical environment Ensuring safety in the medical facilities or health care clinics is essential, as most of the operations need to be carried out faster based on different conditions that are experienced by patients. One of the safe patient cares I employed to ensure their safety is keen monitoring and checking of the equipment used for their protection like oxygen and Foley cater (Landers, 2000). Removing obstacles in the clinic environment is another safe patient care practice that I employed in ensuring the patient is well-taken care off/safe. Other safety measures are put in place during treatment of the patient is cleaning of the equipment used during diagnosis after each procedure. Safe nursing practices is a step in ensuring that one gains personal nursing progression, that is the progress of competencies as well as being able to learn the plan goals (Zwarenstein, et al. 2009). This involved demonstrating a professional presence and model behavior while handling patients. This is possible through pear introduction and learning how to interact effectively with the patients in every medical environment (Zwarenstein, et al. 2009). Application of relevant assessment tools as well as techniques while consulting different patients and different health care providers is a safe nursing practice recommended for good patient protection. The BP machine and telescope were used effectively in assessing the bow sound produced by the patient suffering from pneumonia, and this ensures the feelings of the patient are recorded appropriately. After diagnosis and treatment of the patient, there are various factors, which act as barriers to the discharge of the patient. Some of which are listed below. Development of nosocomial infections such as C-difficult or MRSA, associated with hospitalization. Persistence of pneumonia symptoms despite a course of antibiotics. Fortunately, the patient had a good response to treatment within 48 hours of antibiotic administration. The Doctor even removed the chest tube, meaning the fluid in the lungs were not visible anymore (Kolanowski, et al., 2011). Development of complications indicated by an increase in temperature with growing cough, fremitus, and adventitious breath echoes on auscultation of the lungs, confusion and variations in cognitive status. Misperception might be related to hypoxemia, fever, dryness sleep deficiency or emerging sepsis (Kolanowski, et al., 2011). Development of complications is evidenced by the increase in temperatures as well as cough increased as well as well cognitive status. Some of the confusions experienced are related to hypoxemia, fever, dehydration and developing sepsis Areas of improvement One of the challenges I faced during my early days of my clinical was mixed emotions of nervous as well as existence. Because this was my first medical unit association with others after several years of study (Watson, 2007). For one to be able to learn new things in the medical field, for example, checking the IV for preventing complication like filtration, there is need to put more commitments. Working in a various hospital environment with modernized technology is an important factor that an individual practicing nursing needs to put into consideration. Being ready to assist others is another character that needs adjustment for one to cope up with the nursing assistance needs in health care centers.

There is No Perfect Government, No Utopia Essay - 2077 Words

From the early stages of civilization men created a form of government to help bring order to society. One of the greatest philosophers Thomas Hobbes believed that men left in their natural state is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short; however, for men to obtain peace they must renounce their freedom to a form of government to gain freedom. (Hobbes, 1865 ) The government has shaped many civilizations, and brought many changes to each new civilization. Throughout history one can observe many forms of government, some government systems brought peace and prosperity to the states while others brought destruction, war, and famine which can be seen in Ancient Greek and Rome. The question then arises, what there a perfect†¦show more content†¦Athens was a civilization which prospered and exerted influence to other city-states, they focused on philosophy and education rather than military. Nevertheless, despite Athens Golden Age, there were many flaws in the government syst em, women, children, slaves and resident aliens were not considered citizens, and since everyone had a say in democracy, the Athens lacked professional civil service. The Politics and the judiciary in Athens remained under the influence of people of wealth and venal judges presided at courts of law marked by corruption and perjury. (Frank, 2009) Eventually, the Athenian government system failed to overpower their enemy in the Peloponnesian War against Sparta, and Athens was defeated. Sparta however was the fearsome polis in Ancient Greek. Unlike Athens, Sparta was a mixed constitution of democracy, monarchy and oligarchy. As unlikely as it seems, Sparta had one of the best functional government in the Ancient World. The Spartan government consisted of two kings, the Ephors, the council of Elders, and Demos which was an assembly of men over the age of thirty. (Mathisen, 2012) This form of government made sure that there was no corruption in the government, and during the time of warfare one king was on the battlefield while the other ruled the people. Sparta however was a military based civilization with two social groups, Spartan citizens and Helots (slaves); unlike Athens, SpartanShow MoreRelatedUtopia is defined as a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social1000 Words   |  4 PagesUtopia is defined as a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions, (merriam-webster.com). Utopia is a mindset that p eople are conditioned to believe is achievable, when in actuality it isn’t. 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